Jason K. Apple, MS, PhD

Yancey, J. W. S., J. K. Apple, E. B. Kegley, and R. G. Godbee. 2013. Effects of Morinda citrifolia (noni) pulp on growth performance and stress responses of growing cattle. Prof. Anim. Sci. (in review).

2013

Browne, N. A., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, J. W. S. Yancey, T. M. Johnson, D. L. Galloway, and B. E. Bass. 2013. Phase-feeding dietary fat to growing-finishing pigs fed dried distillers’ grains with soluble: II. Fresh belly and bacon quality characteristics. J. Anim. Sci. (accepted for publication 12-12-2012).

Kuttappan, V.A., G. R. Huff, W. E. Huff, B. M. Hargis, J. K. Apple, C. Coon and C.M. Owens. 2012. Comparison of hematologic and serologic profiles of broiler birds with normal (NORM) and severe (SEV) degrees of white striping in breast fillets. Poultry Sci. (in press)

2012

Beck, P., B. Barham, J. Apple, W. Whitworth, M. Miller, and S. Gadberry. 2012. Effect of age entering feedlot and implant regimen on finishing system profitability. Prof. Anim. Sci. 28:32-40.

Gadberry, M. S., P. A. Beck, S. A. Gunter, B. L. Barham, W. Whitworth, and J. K. Apple. 2012. Effect of corn and soybean hull based creep feed and backgrounding diets on life-long performance and carcass traits of calves from pasture and rangeland conditions. Prof. Anim. Sci. 28:507-512.

Kuttappan, V. A., V. B. Brewer, J. K. Apple, P. W. Waldroup, and C. M. Owens. 2012. Influence of growth rate on the occurrence of white striping in broiler breast fillets. Poultry Sci. 91:2677-2685.

Potter, B. D., C. M. Owens, M. F. Slavik, H. L. Goodwin, J. K. Apple, and J. M. Marcy. 2012. Impact of performance-based sanitation systems on microbiological characteristics of poultry processing equipment and carcasses as compared to traditional sanitation systems. J. Appl. Poultry Res. 21:669-678.

Tapp, W. T., J. W. S. Yancey, J. K. Apple, and R. G. Godbee. 2012. Noni puree (Morinda citrofolia) mixed in beef patties enhanced color stability. Meat Sci. 91:131-136.

2011

Apple, J. K., J. T. Sawyer, J. –F. Meullenet, J. W. S. Yancey, and M. D. Wharton. 2011. Lactic acid enhancement can improve the fresh and cooked color of dark-cutting beef. J. Anim. Sci. 88:4207-4220..

Tapp, W. N., J. W. S. Yancey, and J. K. Apple. 2011. How is the instrumental color of meat measured? Meat Sci. 89:1-5.

Trusell, K. A., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, T. M. Johnson, D. L. Galloway, and R. J. Stackhouse. 2011. Compositional and instrumental firmness variations within fresh pork bellies. Meat Sci. 88:472-480.

Yancey, J. W. S., M. D. Wharton, and J. K. Apple. 2011. Cookery method and end-point temperature can affect the Warner-Bratzler shear force, cooking loss, and internal color of beef Longissimus steaks. Meat Sci. 88:1-7.

2010

2009

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, D. L. Galloway, C. R. Hamilton, and J. W. S. Yancey. 2009. Interactive effects of dietary fat source and slaughter weight in growing-finishing swine: II. Fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat. J. Anim. Sci. 87:1423-1440.

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, D. L. Galloway, C. R. Hamilton, and J. W. S. Yancey. 2009. Interactive effects of dietary fat source and slaughter weight in growing-finishing swine: II. Carcass and fatty acid compositions. J. Anim. Sci. 87:1441-1454.

Bajwa, S. G., J. Kandaswamy, and J. K. Apple. 2009. Spectroscopic evaluation of the nutrient value of ground beef patties. J. Food Engr. 92:454-460.

Lee, M. S., S. L. Krumpelman, J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, E. B. Kegley, M. G. Johnson, M. M. Brashears, and T. P. Stephens. 2009. In vitro and in vivo investigations of antimicrobial treatments to reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 in cattle manure. Prof. Anim. Sci. 25:49-59.

Sawyer, J. T., J. K. Apple, Z. B. Johnson, R. T. Baublits, and J. W. S. Yancey. 2009. Fresh and cooked color of dark-cutting beef can be altered by post-rigor enhancement with lactic acid. Meat Sci. 83:263-270.

Sawyer, J. T., J. C. Brooks, J. K. Apple, and G. Q. Fitch. 2009. Effects of solution enhancement on palatability and shelf-life characteristics of lamb retail cuts. J. Muscle Foods 20:352-366.

2008

Bajwa, S. C., J. Kandaswamy, and J. K. Apple. 2008. The effect of scanning angle on measured reflectance and tenderness prediction in beef longissimus thoracis steaks. Trans. ASABE 51:351-357.

Lee, M. S., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and Z. B. Johnson. 2008. Influence of vacuum-aging period on bloom development of the beef gluteus medius from top sirloin butts. Meat Sci. 80:592-598.

Lee, M. S., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and Z. B. Johnson. 2008. Influence of wet-aging on bloom development in the longissimus thoracis. Meat Sci. 80:703-707.

Lee, M. S., J. W. S. Yancey, J. K. Apple, J. T. Sawyer, and R. T. Baublits. 2008. Within-muscle variation in color and pH of beef semimembranosus. J. Muscle Foods 19:62-73.

Sawyer, J. T., J. K. Apple, and Z. B. Johnson. 2008. The impact of acidic marination concentration and sodium chloride on sensory and instrumental color characteristics of dark-cutting beef. Meat Sci. 79:317-325.

2007

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, J. T. Sawyer, B. R. Kutz, L. K. Rakes, M. E. Davis, Z. B. Johnson, and T. A. Armstrong. 2007. Interactive effect of ractopamine and dietary fat source on quality characteristics of fresh pork bellies. J. Anim. Sci. 85:2682-2690.

Apple, J. K., P. J. Rincker, F. K. McKeith, T. A. Armstrong, S. N. Carr, and P. D. Matzat. 2007. Review: meta-analysis of the ractopamine response in finishing swine. Prof. Anim. Sci. 23:179-196.

Apple, J. K., W. J. Roberts, C. V. Maxwell, Jr., L. K. Rakes, K. G. Friesen, and T. M. Fakler. 2007. Influence of dietary inclusion level of manganese on pork quality during retail display. Meat Sci. 75:640-647.

Apple, J. K., W. A. Wallis-Phelps, C. V. Maxwell, L. K. Rakes, J. T. Sawyer, S. Hutchison, and T. M. Fakler. 2007. Effect of supplemental iron on finishing swine performance, carcass characteristics, and pork quality during retail display. J. Anim. Sci. 85:737-745.

Burke, J. M., and J. K. Apple. 2007. Growth performance and carcass traits of forage-fed hair sheep wethers. Small Ruminant Res. 67:264-270.

Sawyer, J. T., R. T. Baublits, J. K. Apple, J. –F. Meullenet, Z. B. Johnson, and T. K. Alpers. 2007. Lateral and longitudinal characterization of color stability, instrumental tenderness, and sensory characteristics in the beef semimembranosus. Meat Sci. 75:575-584.

Sawyer, J. T., A. W. Tittor, J. K. Apple, J. B. Morgan, C. V. Maxwell, L. K. Rakes, and T. M. Fakler. 2007. Effects of supplemental manganese on performance of growing-finishing pigs and pork quality during retail display. J. Anim. Sci. 85:1046-1053, 1610.

Wistuba, T. J., E. B. Kegley, J. K. Apple, and D. C. Rule. 2007. Feeding feedlot steers fish oil alters the fatty acid composition of adipose and muscle tissue. Meat Sci. 77:196-203.

2006

Burke, J. M., C. F. Rosenkrans, R. W. Rorie, C. Golden, and J. K. Apple. 2006. Reproductive responses of ram lambs under short-term exposure to endophyte-infected tall fescue seed. Small Ruminant Res. 66:121-128.

Davis, M. E., S. C. Sears, J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, and Z. B. Johnson. 2006. Effect of weaning age and commingling after the nursery phase of pigs in a wean-to-finish facility on growth and humoral and behavioral indicators of well-being. J. Anim. Sci. 84:743-756.

Hutchison, S., E. B. Kegley, J. K. Apple, T. J. Wistuba, M. E. Dikeman, and D. C. Rule. 2006. Effects of adding poultry fat in the finishing diets of steers on performance, carcass characteristics, sensory traits, and fatty acid profiles. J. Anim. Sci. 84:2426-2435.

Wistuba, T. J., E. B. Kegley, and J. K. Apple. 2006. Influence of fish oil in finishing diets on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and sensory evaluation of cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 84:902-909.

2005

Apple, J. K., E. B. Kegley, D. L. Galloway, T. J. Wistuba, and L. K. Rakes. 2005. Duration of restraint and isolation stress as a model to study the dark-cutting condition in cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 83:1202-1214.

Apple, J. K., E. B. Kegley, C. V. Maxwell, Jr., L. K. Rakes, D. Galloway, and T. J. Wistuba. 2005. Effects of dietary magnesium and short-duration transportation on stress response, postmortem muscle metabolism, and meat quality of finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 83:1633-1645.

Kandaswamy, J., S. G. Bajwa, and J. K. Apple. 2005. Ability of near-infrared spectroscopy to predict fat, cholesterol and caloric content of fresh and cooked ground beef. Proc. Sensors Industry Conf., Paper no. 5022.

Wistuba, T. J., E. B. Kegley, J. K. Apple, M. E. Davis. 2005. Influence of fish oil supplementation on growth, immune system characteristics and carcass traits of cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 83:1097-1101.

2004

Apple, J. K., W. J. Roberts, C. V. Maxwell, C. B. Boger, T. M. Fakler, K. G. Friesen, and Z. B. Johnson. 2004. Effect of supplemental manganese on performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 82:3267-3276.

2003

Burke, J. M., J. K. Apple, W. J. Roberts, C. B. Boger, and E. B. Kegley. 2003. Effect of breed-type on performance and carcass traits of intensively managed hair sheep. Meat Sci. 63:309-315.

2002

Apple, J. K., M. R. Stivarius, J. D. Reiman, L. K. Rakes, and C. V. Maxwell. 2002. Halothane-genotype and duration of refrigerated storage effects on the quality of vacuum-packaged pork loins. J. Muscle Foods 13:103-122.

Davis, J. R., J. K. Apple, D. H. Hellwig, E. B. Kegley, and F. W. Pohlman. 2002. The effects of feeding broiler litter on microbial contamination of beef carcasses. Bioresource Technol. 84:191-196.

Stivarius, M. R., F. W. Pohlman, K. S. McElyea, and J. K. Apple. 2002. Microbial, instrumental color and sensory color and odor characteristics of ground beef produced from beef trimmings treated with ozone or chlorine dioxide. Meat Sci. 60:299-305.

Stivarius, M. R., F. W. Pohlman, K. S. McElyea, and J. K. Apple. 2002. The effects of acetic acid, gluconic acid and trisodium citrate treatment of beef trimmings on microbial, color and odor characteristics of ground beef through simulated retail display. Meat Sci. 60:245-252.

2001

2000

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, B. deRodas, H. B. Watson, and Z. B. Johnson. 2000. Effect of magnesium mica on performance and carcass quality of growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 78:2135-2143.

1999

Apple, J. K., J. C. Davis, and J. Stephenson. 1999. Influence of body condition scores on by-product yields and value from cull beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 77:2670-2679.

Apple, J. K., J. C. Davis, J. Stephenson, J. E. Hankins, J. R. Davis, and S. L. Beaty. 1999. Influence of body condition scores on carcass characteristics and subprimal yields from cull beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 77:2660-2669.

Apple, J. K., L. K. Rakes, and H. B. Watson. 1999. Cooking and shearing methodology effects on Warner-Bratzler shear force values in pork. J. Muscle Foods 10:269-277.

Beaty, S. L., J. K. Apple, L. K. Rakes, and D. L. Kreider. 1999. Early postmortem skeletal alterations effect on sarcomere length, myofibrillar fragmentation, and muscle tenderness of beef from light-weight, Brangus heifers. J. Muscle Foods 10:67-78.

1998

1995 to 1991

Minton, J. E., J. K. Apple, K. M. Parsons, and F. Blecha. 1995. Stressor-associated concentrations of plasma cortisol cannot account for reduced lymphocyte function and changes in serum enzymes in lambs exposed to restraint and isolation stress. J. Anim. Sci. 73:812-817.

Apple, J. K., K. M. Parsons, J. E. Minton, M. E. Dikeman, and D. E. Leith. 1994. Influence of treadmill exercise on pituitary-adrenal secretions, other blood constituents, and meat quality of sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 72:1306-1314.

Apple, J. K., J. E. Minton, K. M. Parsons, and J. A. Unruh. 1993. Influence of repeated restraint and isolation stress and electrolyte administration on pituitary-adrenal secretions, electrolytes and other blood constituents of sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 71:71-77.

Apple, J. K., J. A. Unruh, J. E. Minton, and J. B. Bartlett. 1993. Influence of repeated restraint and isolation stress and electrolyte administration on carcass quality and muscle electrolyte content of sheep. Meat Sci. 35:191-203.

Apple, J. K., and J. V. Craig. 1992. The influence of pen size on toy preference of growing pigs. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 35:149-155.

Apple, J. K., M. E. Dikeman, L. V. Cundiff, and J. W. Wise. 1991. Determining retail product and trimmable fat yields within 1 hour postmortem. J. Anim. Sci. 69:4845-4857.

Apple, J. K., M. E. Dikeman, D. D. Simms, and G. Kuhl. 1991. Effects of synthetic hormone implants, singularly or in combinations, on performance, carcass traits, and longissimus muscle palatability of Holstein steers. J. Anim. Sci. 69:4437-4448.

Bass, B. E., T. C. Tsai, M. D. Hanigan, J. K. Apple, R. Ulrich, J. S. Radcliffe, B. T. Richert, G. Thoma, J. S. Popp, and C. V. Maxwell. 2013. Maximum replacement of CP with synthetic amino acids in nursery pigs. J. Anim. Sci. (in press).

Hollenbeck, J., J. Apple, J. Yancey, A. Young, C. Moon, T. Johnson, and D. Galloway. 2013. Effect of lactic acid enhancement pH on beef quality attributes of bull strip loins. J. Anim. Sci. (in press).

Hollenbeck, J., J. Apple, J. Yancey, A. Young, C. Moon, T. Johnson, and D. Galloway. 2013. Effect of lactic acid enhancement pH on beef quality attributes of cull cow strip loins. J. Anim. Sci. (in press).

Young, A. N., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. J. Hollenbeck, T. M. Johnson, B. E. Bass, T. C. Tsai, C. V. Maxwell, M. D. Hanigan, J. S. Radcliffe, B. T. Richert, J. S. Popp, R. Ulrich, and G. Thoma. 2013. Effects of amino acid supplementation of reduced crude protein (RCP) diets on LM quality of growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. (in press).

Basinger, K. L., B. C. Shanks, J. D. Caldwell, E. A. Backes, J. J. Hollenbeck, S. Ahuja, D. K. Sommerer, E. D. Groose, G. T. Otto, K. R. Ness, J. K. Apple, and F. Eivazi. 2013. Consumer acceptability and tenderness from retail domestic grain-finished, imported New Zealand grass-finished, and Missouri-produced grass-finished lamb racks. Meat Sci. 93:22. (Abstr.)

Hollenbeck, J., J. G. Powell, J. K. Apple, K. P. Coffey, C. A. Tucker, M. P. Rowe, and J. L. Reynolds. 2012. Determining the effects of nematode control on feedlot growth performance and carcass merit in beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl. 1):16.

Kuttappan, V. A., G. R. Huff, W. E. Huff, B. M. Hargis, J. K. Apple, C. Coon, and C. M. Owens. 2012. Comparison of hematologic and serologic profiles of broiler birds with normal and severe degrees of white striping in breast fillets. Poultry Sci. 91(Suppl. 1):148.

Moon, C. T., J. W. S. Yancey, J. K. Apple, J. J. Hollenbeck, T. M. Johnson, and A. R. Winters. 2012. Lean beef trim improved fresh and cooked quality characteristics of ground beef patties. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl. 1):1.

Reese, R. A., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. J. Hollenbeck, and T. M. Johnson. 2012. Color development and stability in the beef longissimus thoracis (LT) and psoas major (PM). J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl. 1):2.

Robinette, J., R. Reuter, P. Beck, F. Ribeiro, B. Stewart, H. Gray, and J. Apple. 2012. Effect of pre-finishing implant strategy and nutrient restriction on finishing performance. J. Anim. Sci. 90 (Suppl. 1):5.

Ahrens, C. R., J. W. S. Yancey, J. K. Apple, T. M. Johnson, and N. A. Browne. 2011. Effects of Noni pulp and juice on Lee-Kramer shear force, cooked color and consumer acceptability of ground beef patties. Meat Sci. 89:356-357.

Apple, J. K. 2011. Dietary fat and meat quality. J. Anim. Sci. 89 (E-Supple. 2):89.

Browne, N. A., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, J. W. S. Yancey, C. L. Bradley, R. J. Stackhouse, and C. A. Keys. 2011. Effects of phase-feeding beef tallow on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs fed dried distillers grains with soluble. J. Anim. Sci. 89 (E-Suppl. 2):37.

Browne, N. A., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, J. W. S. Yancey, and D. S. Delozier. 2011. Effects of phase-feeding beef tallow on quality characterics of bacon from growing-finishing pigs fed dried distillers grains with soluble. Meat Sci. 89:341.

Browne, N. A., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, J. W. S. Yancey, T. M. Johnson, R. J. Stackhouse, and C. A. Keys. 2011. Effects of phase-feeding beef tallow on belly quality characteristics and yields of commercially-processed bacon from growing-finishing pigs fed dried distillers grains with soluble. J. Anim. Sci. 89 (E-Suppl. 2):75.

Robinette, J., P. Beck, B. Barham, S. Gadberry, and J. Apple. 2011. Effect of implants and nutrient restriction prior to feeding on carcass quality. J. Anim. Sci. 89 (E-Suppl. 2):1.

Tapp, III, W. N., J. W. S. Yancey, J. K. Apple, M. J. Wolf, A. M. Laury, J. C. Brooks, M. M. Brashears, and M. F. Miller. 2011. Shelf life extension, organoleptic variation, and pathogenic reduction of noni treated beef patties. Meat Sci. 89:337-338.

Apple, J. K., J. T. Sawyer, J. F. Muellenet, M. D. Wharton, and J. W. S. Yancey. 2010. There is little benefit of acid enhancement at a low injection rate on the fresh and cooked color of dark-cutting beef. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 3):82-83.

Barham, B., P. A. Beck, M. S. Gadberry, W. Whitworth, and J. Apple. 2010. Does creep feed and backgrounding energy source affect lifetime growth performance and carcass characteristics of nursing calves pastured on improved warm-season grasses? J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 2):71.

Gadberry, M. S., P. A. Beck, B. Barham, W. Whitworth, and J. Apple. 2010. Does creep feed and backgrounding energy source affect lifetime growth performance and carcass characteristics of nursing calves pastured on annual ryegrass? J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 2):70-71.

Keys, C. A., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, R. J. Stackhouse, T. M. Johnson, and L. N. Mehall. 2010. There is no difference in the color and tenderness of commodity and natural beef. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 3):15.

Keys, C. A., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, R. J. Stackhouse, and L. N. Mehall. 2010. Benefits of natural branded vs. conventionally-fed, commodity beef. Meat Sci. 86:554.

Machete, J. B., J. K. Apple, R. J. Stackhouse, T. M. Johnson, C. A. Keys, and J. W. S. Yancey. 2010. Color stability and tenderness variations within the gluteus medius from beef top sirloin butts. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 3):83.

Stackhouse, R. J., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, C. A. Keys, T. M. Johnson, and L. N. Mehall. 2010. The impact of citric acid marination pH on visual and instrumental color characteristics of dark-cutting beef. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 3):16.

Stackhouse, R. J., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, C. A. Keys, and T. M. Johnson. 2010. Effect of enhancement solution pH on the fresh and cooked color of dark cutting beef. Meat Sci. 86:557-558.

Stackhouse, R. J., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, C. A. Keys, and T. M. Johnson. 2010. Citric acid marination can improve the cooked color, but not fresh color, of dark-cutting beef. Meat Sci. 86:558.

Trapp, III, W. N., J. W. S. Yancey, J. K. Apple, and R. G. Godbee. 2010. The effects of using Noni pulp (Morinda citrofolia) on beef patties to enhance color stability. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 3):38-39.

Trusell, K. A., J. K. Apple, D. L. Galloway, J. W. S. Yancey, T. M. Johnson, and R. J. Stackhouse. 2010. Fatty acid variations in fresh pork bellies. J. Anim. Sci. 88(E-Suppl. 3):39.

Yancey, J. W. S., J. K. Apple, T. M. Johnson, R. J. Stackhouse, and R. G. Godbee. 2010. Clarified Noni juice spray was not successful as an antioxidant in beef loin steaks. Meat Sci. 86:563.

Beck, P., B. Barham, S. Gadberry, J. Apple, M. Miller, and L. Hughes. 2009. Age entering the feedlot and implant potency: I. Post-weaning and feedlot performance. J. Anim. Sci. 87(E-Suppl. 2):55.

Tapp, N. W., J. W. S. Yancey, and J. K. Apple. 2009. How is the instrumental color of meat measured? Proc. 62^nd Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 90.

Trusell, K. A., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, T. M. Johnson, and R. J. Stackhouse. 2009. Measuring the compositional and instrumental firmness variations in fresh pork bellies. J. Anim. Sci. 87(E-Suppl. 3):132.

Wharton, M. D., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and M. S. Lee. 2009. Internal color and tenderness of the infraspinatus are affected by cooking method and degree of doneness. J. Anim. Sci. 87(E-Suppl. 3):79.

Wharton, M. D., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and M. S. Lee. 2009. Internal color and tenderness of the semimembranosus are affected by cooking method and degree of doneness. J. Anim. Sci. 87(E-Suppl. 3):79-80.

Apple, J. K. 2008. Changes in live performance and carcass composition associated with feeding diets formulated with fats and/or oils. J. Anim. Sci. 86(Suppl. 2):23.

Apple, J. K., J. T. Sawyer, C. V. Maxwell, J. C. Woodworth, J. W. S. Yancey, and R. E. Musser. 2008. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on the performance and pork quality traits of growing-finishing swine fed three levels of corn oil. J. Anim. Sci. 86(E-Suppl. 2):37.

Apple, J. K., J. T. Sawyer, C. V. Maxwell, J. C. Woodworth, J. W. S. Yancey, and R. E. Musser. 2008. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat and LM from swine fed three levels of corn oil. J. Anim. Sci. 86(E-Suppl. 2):38.

Lee, M. S., J. K. Apple, J. T. Sawyer, J. W. S. Yancey, and M. D. Wharton. 2008. Influence of beef ribeye roll aging period prior to bloom and steak vacuum-storage on subsequent bloom development. 61^st Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 43.

Shockey, J. D., S. A. Gunter, P. A. Beck, and J. K. Apple. 2008. Evaluation of feeding systems for finishing beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 86(Suppl. 1):12.

Yancey, J. W. S., J. K. Apple, J. T. Sawyer, M. S. Lee, and M. D. Wharton. 2008. Relationship of belly-flop measurements with smokehouse yield and fatty acid composition. J. Anim. Sci. 86(E-Suppl. 2):38.

Yancey, J. W. S., J. K. Apple, J. T. Sawyer, M. S. Lee, and J. C. Woodworth. 2008. Comparison of fatty acid composition in pork belly primary and secondary lean, and seam and subcutaneous fat. J. Anim. Sci. 86(E-Suppl. 2):39.

Yancey, J. W. S., H. Flórez-Diaz, E. B. Kegley, and J. K. Apple. 2008. Effects of rumen-protected Ca salt of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and previous rate of gain on visual display and sensory characteristics of beef steaks. J. Anim. Sci. 86(Suppl. 2):80.

Yancey, J. W. S., H. Flórez-Diaz, E. B. Kegley, and J. K. Apple. 2008. Effects of rumen-protected Ca salt of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and previous rate of gain on fatty acid composition. J. Anim. Sci. 86(Suppl. 2):79.

Wharton, M. D., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and M. S. Lee. 2008. Internal color and tenderness of the longissimus thoracis are affected by cooking methods and degree of doneness. 61^st Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 42.

Lee, M. S., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, M. M. Brashears, and T. P. Stephens. 2007. Influence of sanitizing feedlot pens on microbial populations and cattle performance. J. Anim. Sci. 85(Suppl. 2):125.

Lee, M. S., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and M. D. Wharton. 2007. Influence of wet-aging on bloom stability of beef ribeye rolls. 60^th Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 25.

Lee, M. S., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and M. D. Wharton. 2007. Influence of wet-aging on bloom time of beef top sirloin butts. 60^th Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 26.

Lee, M. S., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and M. D. Wharton. 2007. Influence of wet-aging on bloom time of beef inside rounds. 60^th Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 27.

Lee, M. S., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and M. D. Wharton. 2007. Influence of wet-aging on bloom time of beef shoulder clods. 60^th Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 28.

Sawyer, J. T., J. K. Apple, R. T. Baublits, and J. W. S. Yancey. 2007. Color stability of dark-cutting beef enhanced with lactic acid. 60^th Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 40.

Sawyer, J. T., J. K. Apple, and Z. B. Johnson. 2007. The impact of acidic marination concentration and sodium chloride on sensory and instrumental color characteristics of dark-cutting beef. J. Anim. Sci. 85(Suppl. 2):79.

Sawyer, J. T., J. K. Apple, and Z. B. Johnson. 2007. The impact of acidic marination on sensory and instrumental color characteristics of dark-cutting beef. 60^th Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 43.

Sawyer, J. T., J. K. Apple, J.-F. Meullenet, B. Cheatman, W. K. Chung, and R. Xiong. 2007. Empirical modeling for predicting objective tenderness of muscles from the beef round. J. Anim. Sci. 85(Suppl. 2):80.

Sawyer, J. T., J. K. Apple, J.-F. Meullenet, B. Cheatman, W. K. Chung, R. Xiong, and S. G. Bajwa. 2007. The use of non-invasive measurements for predicting objective tenderness of muscles from the beef round. 60^th Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 82.

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, D. L. Galloway, S. Hutchison, and J. T. Sawyer. 2006. Effect of dietary fat source on the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) composition of backfat from growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 84(Suppl. 2):111.

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, D. L. Galloway, S. Hutchison, and J. T. Sawyer. 2006. Effect of dietary fat source on the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition of backfat from growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 84(Suppl. 2):58.

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, D. L. Galloway, S. Hutchison, and J. T. Sawyer. 2006. Effect of dietary fat source on fatty acid composition of backfat from growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 84(Suppl. 2):58.

Flórez-Díaz, H., E. B. Kegley, G. F. Erf, D. L. Kreider, K. P. Coffey, J. K. Apple, and N. D. Luchini. 2006. Effects of rumen-protected Ca salts of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and previous rate of gain on growth performance, immune function, and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 84(Suppl. 1):70.

Lee, M. S., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, D. L. Galloway, J. T. Sawyer, and J. W. S. Yancey. 2006. Effects of dietary fat source and slaughter weight on LM fatty acid composition of growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 84(Suppl. 2):20.

Lee, M. S., J. W. S. Yancey, J. K. Apple, J. T. Sawyer, and R. T. Baublits. 2006. Within muscle variation in color and pH of beef semimembranosus. 59^th Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 14P.

Sawyer, J. T., J. K. Apple, J. –F. Mullenent, B. Cheatman, W. K. Chung, R. Xiong, and J. Kandaswamy. 2006. Empirical modeling for predicting objective tenderness of biceps femoris steaks. J. Anim. Sci. 84(Suppl. 2):19.

Sawyer, J. T., R. T. Baublites, J. K. Apple, and Z. B. Johnson. 2006. Longitudinal and lateral characterization of color stability in the beef semimembranosus. 59^th Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 9P.

Sawyer, J. T., R. T. Baublits, J. K. Apple, J. –F. Meullenet, Z. B. Johnson, and T. K. Alpers. 2006. Longitudinal and lateral characterization of instrumental tenderness and sensory characteristics in the beef semimembranosus. 59^th Recipr. Meats Conf. Abstract No. 10P.

Yancey, J. W. S., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, D. L. Galloway, J. T. Sawyer, and M. S. Lee. 2006. Effects of dietary fat source and slaughter weight on the fatty acid composition of carcass composition samples from growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 84(Suppl. 2):20-21.

Burke, J. M., and J. K. Apple. 2005. Carcass traits of hair breed ram and wether lambs on moderate or high level of supplement. J. Anim. Sci. 83(Suppl. 1):63-64.

Johnson, T. M., R. E. Morrow, C. A. Wells, and J. K. Apple. 2005. Producer experiences in whole farm planning for the production of grass-finished beef. J. Anim. Sci. 83(Suppl. 1):20.

Apple, J. K., B. R. Kutz, C. V. Maxwell, M. E. Davis, L. K. Rakes, Z. B. Johnson, and T. A. Armstrong. 2004. Effects of ractopamine and dietary fat source on performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 1):135.

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, L. K. Rakes, J. D. Stephenson, Z. B. Johnson, and W. A. Wallis. 2004. Effects of dietary fat source on performance and carcass composition of growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 2):14.

Apple, J. K., W. A. Wallis, C. V. Maxwell, L. K. Rakes, and T. M. Fakler. 2004. Effects of iron supplementation level on performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 2):14.

Davis, M. E., C. V. Maxwell, J. Apple, Z. B. Johnson, and S. Arthur. 2004. Effect of weaning age and commingling after the nursery phase on growth performance of pigs housed in a wean-to-finish facility. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 2):72.

Davis, M. E., C. V. Maxwell, J. K. Apple, Z. B. Johnson, S. C. Arthur, and D. C. Brown. 2004. Effect of weaning age and commingling after the nursery phase on immune characteristics of pigs housed in a wean-to-finish facility. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 2):72.

Hutchison, S., J. K. Apple, E. B. Kegley, and T. J. Wistuba. 2004. Comparison of beef tallow versus poultry fat in the finishing diets of steers on beef quality during retail display. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 1):19.

Hutchison, S., E. B. Kegley, J. K. Apple, and T. J. Wistuba. 2004. Comparison of beef tallow versus poultry fat in the finishing diets of steers on muscle and subcutaneous fatty acid profiles. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 1):19.

Hutchison, S., E. B. Kegley, J. K. Apple, T. J. Wistuba, and M. E. Dikeman. 2004. Comparison of beef tallow versus poultry fat in the finishing diets of steers on performance, carcass traits, and beef palatability of finishing steers. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 2):102.

Krumpelman, S. L., J. K. Apple, E. B. Kegley, M. G. Johnson, and S. E. Watkins. 2004. Utilization of chemical treatments to reduce escherichia coli O157:H7 from inoculated cattle manure. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 2):11-12.

Krumpelman, S. L., J. K. Apple, E. B. Kegley, M. G. Johnson, and S. E. Watkins. 2004. Utilization of lactic acid or cetylpyridinium chloride to reduce escherichia coli O157:H7 in inoculated cattle manure incubated at two temperatures. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 2):53.

Tittor, A. W., J. K. Apple, and J. B. Morgan. 2004. Effects of supplemental manganese on pork quality of growing and finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 82(Suppl. 2):14.

Boger, C. B., J. K. Apple, E. B. Kegley, W. J. Roberts, T. J. Wistuba, D. L. Galloway, and L. K. Rakes. 2003. Influence of treadmill exercise (TME) on meat quality of Holstein calves. J. Anim. Sci. 81(Suppl. 2):49.

Burke, J. M., J. K. Apple, W. J. Roberts, and C. B. Boger. 2003. Comparison of carcass traits of extensively raised hair breed lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 81(Suppl. 2):27.

Burke, J. M., C. F. Rosenkrans, R. W. Rorie, C. Golden, and J. K. Apple. 2003. Reproductive responses and carcass characteristics of ram lambs fed endophyte-infected tall fescue. J. Anim. Sci. 81(Suppl. 1):91-92.

Johnson, T. M., R. E. Morrow, C. A. Wells, M. L. Thomas, and J. K. Apple. 2003. Whole farm planning for the production of grass-finished beef. J. Anim. Sci. 81(Suppl. 1):114.

Roberts, W. J., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, C. B. Boger, K. G. Friesen, T. M. Fakler, and Z. B. Johnson. 2003. Effects of dietary inclusion level of manganese on live swine performance and quality characteristics of longissimus muscle (LM) chops during retail display. J. Anim. Sci. 81(Suppl. 2):52.

Brown, D. C., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, K. G. Friesen, R. E. Musser, Z. B. Johnson, and T. A. Armstrong. 2002. Effects of lysine and energy density on performance and carcass traits of finishing pigs fed ractopamine. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):78.

Jimenez-Villarreal, J. R., F. W. Pohlman, R. T. Baublits, Z. B. Johnson, J. K. Apple, A. H. Brown, Jr., and J. F. Meullenet. 2002. The impact of single antimicrobial intervention treatment with cetylpyridinium chloride, trisodium phosphate, chlorine dioxide or lactic acid on ground beef processing, lipid, instrumental color and sensory characteristics. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):16.

Jimenez-Villarreal, J. R., F. W. Pohlman, Z. B. Johnson, A. H. Brown, Jr., J. K. Apple, and J. F. Meullenet. 2002. Processing, lipid, instrumental color and sensory characteristics of ground beef produced using trisodium phosphate, cetylpyridinium choride, chlorine dioxide or lactic acid as multiple antimicrobial interventions. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):16.

Jimenez-Villarreal, J. R., F. W. Pohlman, Z. B. Johnson, A. H. Brown, Jr., J. K. Apple, and J. F. Meullenet. 2002. The effects of chlorine dioxide, cetylpyridinium chloride, lactic acid and trisodium phosphate on processing, textural, lipid, instrumental color and sensory characteristics when used in a ground beef patty production system. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):13.

Jimenez-Villarreal, J. R., F. W. Pohlman, Z. B. Johnson, A. H. Brown, Jr., J. K. Apple, and J. F. Meullenet. 2002. The effects of multiple antimicrobial interventions on processing, lipid, textural instrumental color and sensory characteristics when used in a ground beef patty production system. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):16.

Roberts, W. J., J. K. Apple, C. B. Boger, C. V. Maxwell, and K. G. Friesen. 2002. Effects of dietary manganese on quality characteristics of pork longissimus muscle (LM) chops during retail display. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 2):51.

Wistuba, T. J., E. B. Kegley, and J. K. Apple. 2002. Influence of fish oil addition on growth performance and immune function of growing cattle. J. Anim. Sci.(Suppl. 2):21.

Wistuba, T. J., E. B. Kegley, and J. K. Apple. 2002. Influence of fish oil addition to finishing diets on carcass characteristics, immune function, and growth performance of cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 80(Suppl. 1):99.

Apple, J. K., E. B. Kegley, L. K. Rakes, K. S. Anschutz, T. J. Wistuba, and C. V. Maxwell. 2001. Effects of supplemental magnesium and short-term transportation stress on pork quality. J. Anim. Sci. 79(Suppl. 2):9.

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, A. L. Hays, D. L. Kirkpatrick, M. R. Stivarius, and L. K. Rakes. 2001. Effects of magnesium mica and halothane-genotype on performance and carcass traits of growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 79(Suppl. 2):9.

Apple, J. K., M. R. Stivarius, J. Rieman, L. K. Rakes, and C. V. Maxwell. 2001. Effects of halothane genotype, dietary magnesium, and duration of refrigerated storage on quality characteristics of vacuum-packaged pork loins. J. Anim. Sci. 79(Suppl. 2):56.

Pohlman, F. W., M. R. Stivarius, K. S. McElyea, J. K. Apple, and J. R. Jimenez-Villarreal. 2001. The effects of ozone and chlorine dioxide on microbial, instrumental color and sensory color and odor characteristics when used in a ground beef production system. J. Anim. Sci. 79(Suppl. 2):10.

Wistuba, T. J., E. B. Kegley, and J. K. Apple. 2001. Influence of fish oil addition on growth performance, immune function, and carcass characteristics of cattle. Plains Nutr. Conf. Publ. No. AREC 01-23, p. 95.

Brown, D. C., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, B. Z. deRodas, Z. B. Johnson, and K. Friesen. 2000. Efficacy of feather meal in improving gain, efficiency and carcass composition in growing-finishing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 78(Suppl. 1):59.

Davis, J. R., J. K. Apple, D. H. Hellwig, E. B. Kegley, and F. W. Pohlman. 2000. The impact of feeding poultry litter on microbial contamination of beef carcasses. J. Anim. Sci. 78(Suppl. 2):44.

Davis, J. R., J. K. Apple, D. H. Hellwig, E. B. Kegley, and F. W. Pohlman. 2000. The impact of fertilization with poultry litter on microbial contamination of grass-fed beef carcasses. J. Anim. Sci. 78(Suppl. 2):44.

Pohlman, F. W., M. R. Stivarius, K. S. McElyea, M. G. Johnson, J. K. Apple, and A. L. Waldroup. 2000. The effects of hot water and lactic acid treatment prior to grinding on microbial growth, instrumental color and sensory properties of ground beef during storage. J. Anim. Sci. 78(Suppl. 2):17.

Stivarius, M. R., F. W. Pohlman, K. S. McElyea, M. G. Johnson, J. K. Apple, and A. L. Waldroup. 2000. Reduction of E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium in ground beef using trisodium phosphate or cetylpyridinium chloride prior to grinding. J. Anim. Sci. 78(Suppl. 2):4.

Stivarius, M. R., F. W. Pohlman, K. S. McElyea, M. G. Johnson, J. K. Apple, A. L. Waldroup, and Z. B. Johnson. 2000. Reduction of microbial pathogens in ground beef utilizing hurdle technology and a novel ozone generator. J. Anim. Sci. 78 (Suppl. 2):48.

Stivarius, M. R., F. W. Pohlman, K. S. McElyea, M. G. Johnson, J. K. Apple, A. L. Waldroup, and Z. B. Johnson. 2000. Reduction of microbial pathogens in ground beef using multiple intervention technology. J. Anim. Sci. 78(Suppl. 2):45.

Apple, J. K., J. C. Davis, J. D. Stephenson, and C. B. Boger. 1999. Yield and value of beef by-products from cull beef cows is affected by body condition score. J. Anim. Sci. 77(Suppl. 1):49.

Apple, J. K., J. C. Davis, J. D. Stephenson, J. E. Hankins, J. R. Davis, S. L. Beaty, C. S. Boger, and C. B. Boger. 1999. Influence of body condition scores on carcass characteristics and subprimal yields from cull beef cows. J. Anim. Sci. 77(Suppl. 1):49.

Apple, J. K., L. K. Rakes, H. B. Watson, and F. W. Pohlman. 1999. Effect of marbling score, cookery method, and shearing methodology on Warner-Bratzler shear force values in pork. J. Anim. Sci.77(Suppl. 1):13.

Apple, J. K., H. B. Watson, K. P. Coffey, and E. B. Kegley. 1999. Comparison of magnesium sources on carcass traits, muscle color, and tenderness of finishing lambs. J. Anim. Sci.77(Suppl. 1):13.

Watson, H. B., C. V. Maxwell, B. Z. de Rhodas, J. K. Apple, K. P. Coffey, Z. B. Johnson, and F. W. Pohlman. 1999. Effects of magnesium-mica on performance and carcass quality of growing-finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci.77(Suppl. 1):67.

Watson, H. B., K. P. Coffey, E. B. Kegley, J. K. Apple, and W. R. Ratchford. 1998. Comparison of magnesium sources in diets of finishing lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 76(Suppl. 1):359.

1995 to 1990

Apple, J. K., J. E. Minton, M. E. Dikeman, R. M. McMurphy, M. R. Fedde, and D. E. Leith. 1993. Effect of restraint and isolation stress and epidural-blockade on the formation of the dark-cutting condition in sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 71(Suppl. 1):148.

Apple, J. K., J. E. Minton, R. M. McMurphy, M. E. Dikeman, M. R. Fedde, and D. E. Leith. 1993. Effects of restraint and isolation stress and epidural-blockade on blood metabolite status and glycogen metabolism and the formation of the dark-cutting condition in the longissimus muscle of sheep. Proc. 46th Recipr. Meats Conf. 46:74.

Hansen, J. A., J. K. Apple, K. E. Warren, D. H. Kropf, J. L. Nelssen, and R. D. Goodband. 1993. Interactive effects between somatotropin and salbutamol on carcass traits of finishing swine. J. Anim. Sci. 71(Suppl. 1):54.

Minton, J. E., J. K. Apple, K. M. Parsons, and F. Blecha. 1993. Concentrations of cortisol achieved during stress cannot account for stressor-induced reductions in lymphocyte function and increases in serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity. 75th Ann. Mtg. Endocr. Soc. Abstract No. 1564.

Apple, J. K., M. E. Dikeman, S. Henderson-Perry, J. W. Wise, and L. V. Cundiff. 1992. Determining beef carcass retail product and trimmable fat yields from ultrasound evaluations of cattle and warm carcass traits. J. Anim. Sci. 70(Suppl. 1):56.

Apple, J. K., K. M. Parsons, J. E. Minton, M. E. Dikeman, and D. E. Leith. 1992. The influence of treadmill exercise on blood constituents and muscle quality of sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 70(Suppl. 1):54.

Bartlett, J. B., J. K. Apple, J. A. Unruh, and J. E. Minton. 1991. Influence of preslaughter stress and electrolyte administration on lamb endocrine responses and carcass quality of sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 69(Suppl. 1):96.

Apple, J. K., M. E. Dikeman, L. V. Cundiff, and J. W. Wise. 1990. Determining retail product within one hour postmortem. J. Anim. Sci. 68(Suppl. 1):92.

Apple, J. K., M. E. Dikeman, D. D. Simms, C. L. Kastner, and G. Kuhl. 1990. Effects of Finaplix®, Synovex-S® and Ralgro®, singularly or in combinations, on performance, carcass traits and longissimus palatability of Holstein steers. J. Anim. Sci. 68(Suppl. 1):93.

Ahrens, C. R., J. W. S. Yancey, J. K. Apple, T. M. Johnson, and N. A. Browne. 2011. Effects of Noni puree vs. clarified Noni juice on quality characteristics of cooked ground beef patties. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 597:93-96.

Apple, J. K. 2011. Swine nutrition and pork quality. Swine Nutrition Guide, National Pork Board, Des Moines, IA.

Browne, N. A., J. K. Apple, and J. W. S. Yancey. 2011. Phase-feeding dietary fat to growing-finishing pigs fed dried distillers grains with soluble I. Performance and carcass characteristics. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 597:75-78.

Browne, N. A., J. K. Apple, and J. W. S. Yancey. 2011. Phase-feeding dietary fat to growing-finishing pigs fed dried distillers grains with soluble II. Fresh belly quality and yields of commercially-processed bacon. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 597:79-82.

Browne, N. A., J. K. Apple, and J. W. S. Yancey. 2011. Phase-feeding dietary fat to growing-finishing pigs fed dried distillers grains with soluble III. Quality characteristics of bacon. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 597:83-85.

Keys, C. A., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, R. J. Stackhouse, and L. N. Mehall. 2010. Benefits of natural branded vs. conventionally-fed, commodity beef. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 584:57-59.

Stackhouse, R. J., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, C. A. Keys, and T. M. Johnson. 2010. Citric acid enhancement at solution pH values between 3.5 and 5.0 does not alter the fresh or cooked color of dark-cutting beef. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 584:65-67.

Stackhouse, R. J., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, C. A. Keys, and T. M. Johnson. 2010. Citric acid marination can improve the cooked color, but not fresh color, of dark-cutting beef. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 584:68-71.

Tapp, W. N., J. W. S. Yancey, J. K. Apple, and R. G. Godbee. 2010. Noni pulp (Morinda citrifolia) mixed in beef patties enhanced color stability. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 584:72-76.

Yancey, J. W. S., J. K. Apple, T. M. Johnson, and R. J. Stackhouse. 2010. Clarified noni juice spray was not successful as an antioxidant in beef loins steaks. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 584:77-79.

Tapp, N. W., J. W. S. Yancey, and J. K. Apple. 2009. How is the instrumental color of meat measured? Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 574:110-116.

Gadberry, M. S., P. Beck, B. Barham, W. Whitworth, and J. Apple. 2009. Impact of a starch or fiber based creep feed and preconditioning diet on calf growth performance and carcass characteristics. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 574:69-71.

Flórez-Díaz, H., E. B. Kegley, J. W. S. Yancey, D. L. Galloway, and J. K. Apple. 2008. Effects of Ca salts of conjugated linoleic acid and previous rate of weight gain on fatty acid composition of adipose and muscle of beef cattle. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 563:87-91.

Yancey, J. W. S., J. K. Apple, and E. B. Kegley. 2008. Effects of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) pulp on growth performance and stress responses of growing cattle. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 563:68-72.

Yancey, J. W. S., J. K. Apple, J. –F. Meullenet, and J. T. Sawyer. 2008. Near-infrared spectroscopy, Warner-Bratzler shear force and Meullenet-Owens razor shear as predictors of beef ribeye steak consumer panel responses. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 563:92-95.

Wharton, M. D., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and M. S. Lee. 2008. Internal color and tenderness of the semimembranosus are affected by cooked method and degree of doneness. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 563:99-101.

Wharton, M. D., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and M. S. Lee. 2008. Internal color and tenderness of the infraspinatus are affected by cooked method and degree of doneness. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 563:102-104.

Wharton, M. D., J. K. Apple, J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and M. S. Lee. 2008. Internal color and tenderness of the longissimus thoracis are affected by cooked method and degree of doneness. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 563:105-108.

Lee, M. S., J. K. Apple, J. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, M. M. Brashears, and T. P. Stephens. 2007. Influence of sanitizing feedlot pens on microbial populations and cattle performance. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 555:34-38.

Sawyer, J. T., J. K. Apple, and Z. B. Johnson. 2007. The impact of acidic marination concentration and sodium chloride on sensory and instrumental color characteristics of dark-cutting beef. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 555:92-95.

Sawyer, J. T., J. K. Apple, Z. B. Johnson, R. T. Baublits, and J. W. S. Yancey. 2007. Color stability of dark-cutting beef enhanced with lactic acid. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 555:87-91.

Lee, M. S., J. W. S. Yancey, J. K. Apple, J. Sawyer, and R. T. Baublits. 2006. Within muscle variation in color and pH of beef semimembranosus. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 545:26-30.

Sawyer, J. T., J. K. Apple, J. –F. Meullenet, B. Cheatman, W. K. Chung, R. Xiong, and S. G. Bajwa. 2006. Empirical modeling for predicting tenderness of muscles from the beef round. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 545:52-56.

Sawyer, J. T., R. T. Baublits, J. K. Apple, J. –F. Meullenet, Z. B. Johnson, and T. K. Alpers. 2006. Lateral and longitudinal characterization of instrumental tenderness and sensory characteristics in the beef semimembranosus. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 545:43-46.

Sawyer, J. T., R. T. Baublits, J. K. Apple, and Z. B. Johnson. 2006. Longitudinal and lateral characterization of color stability in the beef semimembranosus. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 545:47-51.

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, Jr., L. K. Rakes, D. Galloway, and S. Hutchison. 2005. Effects of dietary fat source and length of fat consumption on degree of unsaturation of carcass composition samples. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 535:35-38

Kandaswamy, J., J. K. Apple, and S. G. Bajwa. 2005. Ability of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy to predict fat, cholesterol, and caloric content of fresh and cooked ground beef. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 535:138-141.

Kandaswamy, J., S. G. Bajwa, J. K. Apple, and J. T. Sawyer. 2005. Effect of near-infrared scanning angle in prediction of tenderness and sensory attributes in longissimus thoracis steaks. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng., Paper No. 056010.

Sawyer, J., J. K. Apple, and R. T. Babulits. 2005. A six-year compilation of carcass traits from the Arkansas/Oklahoma State Fair. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 535:42-45.

Apple, J. K., B. R. Kutz, C. V. Maxwell, L. K. Rakes, Z. B. Johnson, and T. A. Armstrong. 2004. Interactive effects of ractopamine and dietary fat source on performance and carcass traits of finishing swine. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 522:147-150.

Apple, J. K., A. W. Tittor, C. V. Maxwell, J. B. Morgan, L. K. Rakes, M. E. Davis, J. Stephenson, and T. M. Fakler. 2004. Effects of supplemental manganese on the performance and pork carcass composition of growing-finishing swine. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 522:151-155.

Apple, J. K., A. W. Tittor, J. B. Morgan, C. V. Maxwell, L. K. Rakes, J. Stephenson, and T. M. Fakler. 2004. Effects of supplemental manganese source on the pork quality during seven days of retail display. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 522:156-159.

Arthur, S. C., M. E. Davis, J. K. Apple, and C. V. Maxwell. 2004. Effect of pig weaning age and commingling after the nursery phase on humoral and behavioral indicators of well-being and on growth performance. Discovery 5:3-9.

Davis, M. E., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, S. C. Arthur, Z. B. Johnson, and M. S. Dirain. 2004. Effect of weaning age and commingling after the nursery phase on growth performance, mortality rate, and behavioral indicators of welfare. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 522:160-165.

Hutchinson, S., E. B. Kegley, J. K. Apple, T. J. Wistuba, and M. E. Dikeman. 2004. Effect of poultry fat addition to finishing rations on beef quality during retail display and sensory panel evaluations. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 522:126-128.

Hutchinson, S., E. B. Kegley, J. K. Apple, T. J. Wistuba, and D. C. Rule. 2004. Poultry fat addition to finishing rations influences the fatty acid composition of muscle tissue and adipose tissue. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 522:123-125.

Krumpelman, S. L., J. K. Apple, E. B. Kegley, M. G. Johnson, and S. E. Watkins. 2004. Utilization of chemical treatments to reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 in cattle manure. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 522:112-115.

Krumpelman, S. L., J. K. Apple, E. B. Kegley, M. G. Johnson, and S. E. Watkins. 2004. Use of lactic acid or cetylpyridinium chloride to reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 in cattle manure incubated at two temperatures. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 522:116-120.

Apple, J. K., W. J. Roberts, C. V. Maxwell, C. B. Boger, T. M. Fakler, K. G. Friesen, and Z. B. Johnson. 2003. Effect of dietary manganese inclusion level on performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing swine. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 509:148-152.

Apple, J. K., W. A. Wallis, C. V. Maxwell, L. K. Rakes, and J. D. Stephenson. 2003. Effects of iron supplementation level in diets of growing-finishing swine. I. Pig performance and carcass characteristics. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 509:140-143.

Hutchison, S., E. B. Kegley, J. K. Apple, and T. J. Wistuba. 2003. Poultry fat addition to finishing rations influences cattle performance. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 509:73-75.

Wallis, W. A., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, L. K. Rakes, S. Hutchison, and J. D. Stephenson. 2003. Effects of iron supplementation level in diets of growing-finishing swine. II. Pork quality traits during retail display. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 509:144-147.

Wistuba, T. J., E. B. Kegley, and J. K. Apple. 2003. Influence of fish oil addition to finishing diets on the professional descriptor sensory analysis of steaks from cattle. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 509:26-29.

Wistuba, T. J., E. B. Kegley, J. K. Apple, and D. C. Rule. 2003. Feeding feedlot steers fish oil differently enhances the fatty acid composition of muscle tissue. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 509:21-25.

Apple, J. K., E. B. Kegley, C. B. Boger, J. W. Roberts, D. Galloway, and L. K. Rakes. 2002. Effects of restraint and isolation stress on stress physiology and the incidence of dark-cutting longissimus muscle in Holstein steers. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 499:73-77.

Brown, D. C., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, K. G. Friesen, R. E. Musser, Z. Johnson, and T. A. Armstrong. 2002. Effects of lysine and energy density of finishing pigs fed ractopamine. I. Performance and carcass yield. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 499:93-96.

Brown, D. C., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, K. G. Friesen, R. E. Musser, Z. Johnson, and T. A. Armstrong. 2002. Effects of lysine and energy density of finishing pigs fed ractopamine. II. Pork quality. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 499:97-99.

Kegley, E. B., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, Jr., and D. Galloway. 2002. Effects of dietary magnesium and short-duration transportation stress in finishing swine. I. Stress response. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 499:107-111.

Wistuba, T. J., E. B. Kegley, and J. K. Apple. 2002. Influence of fish oil addition to finishing diets on carcass characteristics, immune function, and growth performance of cattle. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 499:81-84.

Wistuba, T. J., E. B. Kegley, and J. K. Apple. 2002. Influence of time and duration of fish oil supplementation on performance and carcass characteristics of cattle. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 499:78-80.

Boger, C. B., J. K. Apple, D. C. Brown, C. V. Maxwell, W. J. Roberts, Z. B. Johnson, L. K. Rakes, and J. Stephenson. 2001. Effect of feather meal on live animal performance and carcass quality and composition of growing-finishing swine. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 488:32-37.

Roberts, W. J., J. K. Apple, C. V. Maxwell, L. K. Rakes, J. N. Leach, J. R. Jimenez, and C. B. Boger. 2001. Effects of supplemental manganese on performance and pork quality of growing-finishing swine. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 488:29-31.

Wistuba, T. J., E. B. Kegley, and J. K. Apple. 2001. Influence of fish oil addition on growth performance and immune function of grazing cattle. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 488:63-65.

Stivarius, M. R., F. W. Pohlman, K. S. McElyea, Z. B. Johnson, J. K. Apple, M. G. Johnson, and A. L. Waldroup. 2000. Reduction of microbial pathogens in ground beef utilizing hurdle technology and a novel ozone generator. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 478:37-42.

1999

Apple, J. K., J. R. Davis, L. K. Rakes, C. V. Maxwell, F. W. Pohlman, and B. Z. deRhodas. 1999. Effect of magnesium-mica on pork loin quality during extended refrigerated storage. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 470:29-31.

Apple, J., B. Watson, K. Coffey, and E. Kegley. 1999. Comparison of magnesium sources on muscle color and tenderness of finishing sheep. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 470:185-188.

Davis, J. R., J. K. Apple, D. H. Hellwig, E. B. Kegley, and F. W. Pohlman. 1999. The impact of feeding poultry litter on microbial contamination of beef carcasses. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 470:69-71.

Pohlman, F. W., M. R. Stivarius, K. S. McElyea, J. K. Apple, M. G. Johnson, and A. L. Waldroup. 1999. Reduction of E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium in ground beef utilizing antimicrobial treatments prior to grinding. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 470:135-141.

1998

Apple, J. K., J. C. Davis, and J. Stephenson. 1998. Influence of body condition scores on by-product yields and value from culled beef cows. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 464:57-61.

Apple, J. K., J. C. Davis, J. Stephenson, S. L. Beaty, and L. K. Rakes. 1998. Influence of body condition scores on carcass composition of culled beef cows. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 464:62-65.

Apple, J. K., L. K. Rakes, and H. B. Watson. 1998. Cooking and shearing methodology effects on Warner-Bratzler shear force values in pork. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 464:54-56.

Maxwell, C. V., H. B. Watson, B. Z. de Rodas, J. K. Apple, and Z. B. Johnson. 1998. Effects of Magnesium-Mica on performance and carcass quality of growing-finishing swine. Ark. Anim. Sci. Dept. Rep., AAES Research Series 464:115-118.

1997 to 1990

Apple, J. K., M. E. Dikeman, D. D. Simms, C. L. Kastner, and G. Kuhl. 1990. Effects of Finaplix®, Synovex-S® and Ralgro®, singularly or in combinations, on performance, carcass traits and longissimus palatability of Holstein steers. Cattlemen’s Day 361:35-37.

Apple, J. K., and J. W. S. Yancey. Water-holding capacity of meat. In: The Science of Meat Quality (C. Kerth, Ed.), John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ (in press).

Bajwa, S. G., and J. K. Apple. Non-linear modeling of quality of cooked ground beef patties with visible-NIR spectroscopy. Pages 35 – 56 in: New Topics in Food Engineering (M. A. Comeau, Ed), Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Hauppauge, NY.

Owens, C. M., and J. K. Apple. Pale, soft and exudative poultry meat. Pages 515-531 in: Handbook of Poultry Science and Technology: Volume I: Primary Processing (I. Guerrero-Legarreta and Y. H. Hui, Ed.), John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ.

1997

1996

Apple, J. K. University of Arkansas Meat Grading and Selection Handbook (text for ANSC 410, Special Problems – Meat Grading and Selection)

1994 to 1990

Unruh, J. A., and J. K. Apple. 1992. Beef, Pork and Lamb Carcass Evaluation Handbook (supplementary text for Livestock and Meat Evaluation at Kansas State University)

Apple, J. K. 1992. The whys and hows of specifications. In: Proceedings of 1992 Intercollegiate Meat Judging Coaches’ Clinic, Colorado State University.

Apple, J. K. 1991. Beef as food. In: Kansas 4-H Beef Curriculum, Kansas State University Cooperative Extension Service, Manhattan.

Apple, J. K. 1991. Determining live and carcass prices for market steers. In: Kansas 4-H Beef Curriculum, Kansas State University Cooperative Extension Service, Manhattan.

Apple, J. K. 1991. Calf to carcass, the slaughter process. In: Kansas 4-H Beef Curriculum, Kansas State University Cooperative Extension Service, Manhattan.

Apple, J. K. 1991. Determining shrink and dressing percent for market steers. In: Kansas 4-H Beef Curriculum, Kansas State University Cooperative Extension Service, Manhattan.

Apple, J. K., and T. H. Powell. 1991. Proceedings of 1991 Intercollegiate Meat Judging Coaches’ Clinic, Kansas State University, Manhattan.

Astroth, K. A., and J. K. Apple. 1991. Your beef animal is more than just steak. In: Kansas 4-H Beef Curriculum, Kansas State University Cooperative Extension Service, Manhattan.

Awarded

2012

2011

Beck, P., J. Robinette, R. Reuter, B. Barham, S. Gadberry, and J. Apple. Growth promoting implants and nutrient restriction prior to feed: effect on carcass composition, carcass quality, and consumer acceptance of beef. $37,800 – Arkansas Beef Council

Looper, M., C. Rosenkrans, Jr., J. Apple, F. Pohlman, and A. Szalanski. Management practices to reduce calf stress and increase food safety. $29,650 – Arkansas Beef Council

Reese, R., and J. K. Apple. The interactive effect of USDA beef quality grade category and muscle on metmyoglobin reductase activity and beef color stability. $2,750 – Arkansas Department of Higher Education, Student Undergraduate Research Fellowship.

2010

Apple, J. K., and J. W. S. Yancey. Effects of Noni pulp or clarified Noni juice on color stability and palatability of ground beef patties. $10,075 – Tahitian Noni Inc.

Maxwell, C. V., J. K. Apple, and R. L. Payne. Determine the effect of reducing crude protein level and replacements with crystalline amino acids on growth performance and carcass composition of finishing pigs fed Paylean. $40,812 – Evonik Degussa Corp.

Powell, J., K. Coffey, T. Yazwinski, J. Apple, and B. Barham. Determining the effects of aggressive versus traditional nematode control on growth performance and carcass merit in beef cattle. $48,420 – Arkansas Beef Council (Beef Checkoff money)

2009

Beck, P., B. Barham, S. Gadberry, and J. Apple. Effects of implants and nutrient restriction prior to feeding on carcass composition and quality. $50,900 – Arkansas Beef Council (Beef Checkoff money).

2008

Gadberry, S., P. Beck, B. Barham, J. Apple, and W. Whitworth. Can Arkansas producers impact quality grade? – and would the potential benefit justify the cost? $54,750 – Arkansas Beef Council (Beef Checkoff money).

Trusell, K. A., and J. K. Apple. Profiling the quality of fresh pork bellies. $2,650 – University of Arkansas Honors College Undergraduate Research Grant.

2007

Apple, J. K., J. W. S. Yancey, J. T. Sawyer, and R. G. Taylor. Use of subcutaneous fats/lipids to improve the fresh quality and cooked palatability of longissimus muscle steaks from carcasses with insufficient marbling to grade USDA Choice or higher. $15,000 – National Cattlemen’s Beef Assn.

Beck, P. B. Barham, S. Gadberry, W. Whitworth, and J. Apple. Making the grade: effect of age entering the feedlot, implants and genotype on carcass quality. $49,573 – Arkansas Beef Council

2006

Apple, J. K., J. T. Sawyer, M. Lee, and J. Yancey. Factors influencing the ability of vacuum-packaged beef to bloom. $63,275 – Arkansas Beef Council (Beef Checkoff money).

Apple, J. K., J. Yancey, E. Kegley, and C. Maxwell. Effects of Morinda citrifolia (noni) juice on stress responses and meat quality of ruminant and monograstic animals. $73,490 – Tahitian Noni International

2004

Maxwell, C. V., and J. K. Apple. Interactive effects of ractopamine and dietary fat source on pork quality. $39,200 – Elanco Animal Health.

2003

2002

Apple, J., F. Pohlman, K. Lusby, and T. Troxel. Support for the state FFA meats judging contests. $3,000 – Arkansas Beef Council (Beef Checkoff money).

Arthur, S. C., and J. K. Apple. Effect of weaning age and co-mingling after the nursery phase on humoral and behavioral indicators of well-being and growth of weanling pigs. $450 – DBCAFLS Undergraduate Research Grant.

Krumpelman, S., and J. Apple. Pre-harvest intervention to reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 on fat cattle destined for harvest. $106,180 – Arkansas Beef Council (Beef Checkoff money).

Maxwell, C. V., J. K. Apple, M. E. Davis, and Z. Johnson. Effect of weaning age and co-mingling after the nursery phase on humoral and behavioral indicators of well-being and on growth performance. $50,180 – National Pork Board (Pork Checkoff money).

Wistuba, T. J., J. K. Apple, and E. B. Kegley. Influence of poultry fat addition to finishing rations on cattle performance, carcass characteristics, retail beef shelf-life, and cooked beef palatability. $47,612 – Arkansas Beef Council (Beef Checkoff money).

2001

Apple, J. K., and C. V. Maxwell. Influence of supplemental manganese on pork quality of growing-finishing swine. $5,000 – Zinpro Corp., Eden Prairie, MN

2000

Apple, J. K. and E. B. Kegley. Developing a reliable animal model to study the dark-cutting condition in beef cattle. $73,870 – Arkansas Beef Council (Beef Checkoff money).

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, and K. G. Friesen. Effect of feather meal on live animal performance and carcass quality and composition of growing-finishing swine. $21,944 – U. S. Poultry & Egg Association.

Maxwell, C. V., J. K. Apple, K. G. Friesen, and D. C. Brown. The interactive effects of lysine and energy density on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs fed Paylean™. $47,036.00 – Elanco Animal Health

1999

1998

Maxwell, C. V., B. deRodas, and J. K. Apple. Effects of magnesium-mica on performance and carcass quality of growing-finishing swine. $14,820 – Micro-Lite, LLC.

1997 to 1995

Apple, J. K. Optimizing quality and consistency of products from cull cows. $52,034 – Arkansas Beef Council (Beef Checkoff money).

Apple, J. K. Measuring meat tenderness with an Instron Universal Testing unit. $32,390 – USDA, NRICGP, Equipment Grant.

Apple, J. K. Optimizing market value of cull cows. $10,000 – Arkansas Agriculture Experiment Station Research Incentive Grant.

Not Funded

2012

Beck, P., R. Reuter, S. Gadberry, J. Apple, and J. Blanton. Selection of beef cattle for improved feed efficiency: effect on carcass composition, carcass quality, and consumer acceptance. $25,800 – Arkansas Beef Council.

Coffey, K., M. C. Savin, D. Philipp, J. –F. Meullenet, R. M. Nayga, Jr., S. Jones, J. Apple, M. Hale, and L. Coffey. Shaping the future of beef production through an integrated approach to input efficiency, environmental sustainability, and marketing. $286,951 – Southern Region Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education, Large Systems Research.

2011

Apple, J. K., D. Woerner, J. Richeson, J. Wagner, P. Beck, E. B. Kegley, J. Powell, and D. Feuz. Does weaning management and subsequent exposure to a persistently infected bovine viral diarrhea virus pen mate affect carcass characteristics, beef tenderness, and consumer acceptance? $63,000 – Arkansas Beef Council

Coffey, K. P., M. Popp, D. Philipp, J. –F. Meullenet, R. M. Rudolfo, S. M. Jones, L. Rinehart, C. F. Rosenkrans, Jr., J. K. Apple, and M. C. Savin. Shaping the future of beef production through an integrated approach to input efficiency, environmental sustainability, and marketing. $499,969 – USDA, ARFI Foundational Program

Richeson, J. T., J. Wagner, D. Feuz, D. Woerner, and J. Apple. Effects of weaning management and exposure to persistently infected bovine viral diarrhea virus challenge on profitability of beef production. $130,000 – USDA, NIFA, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Fellowship

2010

Beck, P. A., S. Bevers, J. Apple, S. Gadberry, B. Barham, and B. Phillips. Adding value to production of beef cattle operations in the south central United States. $499,980 – USDA, NIFA, AFRI – Agriculture Economics and Rural Communities.

Richeson, J., J. Wagner, J. Ridpath, E. Kegley, J. Apple, and D. Feuz. Effects of weaning management and subsequent exposure to persistently infected bovine viral diarrhea virus challenge on profitability of beef production. $130,000 – USDA, NIFA, AFRI

2008

2007

Apple, J. K., J. W. S. Yancey, and J. T. Sawyer. Mapping the color stability and palatability of top sirloin butts. $38,797 – National Cattlemen’s Beef Assn.

Apple, J. K., J. W. S. Yancey, and J. T. Sawyer. An investigation into the pH and color gradients found within the beef semimembranosus. $21,927 – National Cattlemen’s Beef Assn.

Apple, J. K., J. T. Sawyer, and J. W. S. Yancey. Effects of length of aging, quality grade, and packaging on the lateral and longitudinal characterization of muscle quality in the biceps femoris from heavy beef carcasses. $43,900 – Arkansas Beef Council

Apple, J. K., J. W. S. Yancey, and M. D. Wharton. Mapping the color stability and palatability of top sirloin butts. $$59,490 – Arkansas Beef Council

Yancey, J. W. S., J. K. Apple, and J. T. Sawyer. An investigation into the pH and color gradients found with beef semimembranosus. $35,900 – Arkansas Beef Council

2006

2005

Apple, J. K., and C. Bokina. Reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the Drinking Water of Beef Cattle. $232,554 – USDA, NRICGP, Food Safety.

Gunter, S., P. Beck, E. Kegley, and J. K. Apple. Increasing the Demand for Rice Bran by Animal Feeding. $20,804 – Arkansas Rice Research & Promotion Board

2004

Apple, J. K., and S. Krumpelman. Reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the drinking water of beef cattle. $114,200 – Arkansas Beef Council (Beef Checkoff money).

Krumpelman, S., and J. K. Apple. Pre-harvest intervention to reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 on cattle destine for harvest. $39,200 – Arkansas Biosciences Institute.

Kandaswamy, J., S. G. Bajwa, and J. K. Apple. On-line determination tenderness, fat content of ground meat samples. $75,000 – Arkansas Biosciences Institute.

Davis, M. E., J. K. Apple, and C. V. Maxwell. Lipopolysaccharide induction of an inflammatory challenge and its effects on behavior, immunological development, and growth performance of early-weaned pigs during the nursery phase, and subsequently during the finishing period. $56,900 – National Pork Board (Pork Checkoff money)

Apple, J. K., and E. B. Kegley. Efficacy of poultry fat inclusion in beef cattle finishing diets (pre-proposal) – U. S. Poultry & Egg Council.

2003

Apple, J. K., and C. V. Maxwell. Effect of fat source and feeding phase on pork quality. $32,000 – Premium Standard Farms

Arthur, S., and J. K. Apple. Effect of weaning age and co-mingling after the nursery phase on humoral and behavioral indicators of well-being and growth in weanling pigs. $2,650 – SILO Advisory Council SURF grant

2001

Apple, J. K., C. V. Maxwell, and K. G. Friesen. Effects of source and level of dietary selenium on the quality of fresh pork products from growing-finishing swine. $46,529 – Alltech

Maxwell, C. V., J. K. Apple, K. G. Friesen, S. Singh, and E. B. Kegley. Effects of dietary manganese and chromium on live animal performance and pork quality of growing-finishing swine. $24,692.50 – Alltech

2000

1999

Apple, J. K., E. B. Kegley, and C. V. Maxwell. Influence of magnesium supplementation on pork quality. $48,792 – Prince Milling Co.

1998

Apple, J. K., K. G. Friesen, and C. V. Maxwell. The influence of spray-dried blood meal on pork quality and color. $21,575 – American Proteins Corp.

1997 to 1995

Apple, J. K. Effect of swine genotype and dietary fat intake on the fatty acid composition, quality, and acceptability of bacon. $20,000 – Arkansas Agriculture Experiment Station Research Incentive Program.

Apple, J. K. Influence of pen size and environmental enrichment on performance and aggressive and stereotypic behaviors of growing and finishing swine. $51,626 – National Pork Producers’ Council.

Apple, J. K. Effects of breed and gender on calpastatin activity and pork longissimus muscle tenderness. $40,887 – National Pork Producers’ Council.

International

IX Simposium Internacional de Ingenieria en Idustrias Alimetarias, Monterrey, Mexico, 1998. Invited presentation entitled: “Animal Stress and the Occurrence of the Dark-Cutting Condition.”

Winrock International, Farmer-to-Farmer Program, Kazahkstan (April, 1995). Conducted several presentations, farm-tours, and developed several business plans.

National

Beef ROI from Pasture to Plate, Morrilton, AR, 2011. Invited presentation entitled: “Acid enhancement of dark-cutting beef.”

American Society of Animal Science, Midwest Section, Des Moines, IA, 2011. Invited presentation entitled: “Dietary fat and meat quality.”

Reciprocal Meats Conference, Texas Tech University, 2010. Invited presentation entitled: “Beyond Iodine Value”

Missouri Meat Processors Convention, Columbia, MO, 2009. Invited presentation entitled: “Factors influence fresh pork belly quality.”

American Society of Animal Science, Midwest Section, Des Moines, IA, 2008. Invited presentation entitled: “Changes in live performance and carcass composition associated with feeding diets formulated with fats and/or oils.”

Keynote banquet speaker at Auburn University Meat Science Association Banquet, 2003

Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Auburn University, 2003. Invited seminar entitled: “Fundamentals of Writing a Journal Article.”

Kansas-Oklahoma-Missouri-Arkansas Beef Cattle Conference, Joplin, MO, 2000. Invited presentation entitled: “Cull Cows: by-Product or Value-Added Commodity?”

52^nd Annual Reciprocal Meat Conference, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, 1999. Graduate Student Opportunities – Industry/Government Panel Discussion. (invited speaker).

13^th Annual Arkansas-Oklahoma Border Beef Cattle Conference, Ft. Smith, AR, 1999. Invited presentation entitled: “Beef Cattle Marketing: What’s the Value of My Cattle?”

National Santa Gertrudis Leadership Conference, Fayetteville, AR, 1998. Invited presentation entitled: “Value-Based Marketing and You.”

Value-Based Marketing Symposium, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 1996. Organized symposium and was invited speaker.

New England Sheep & Wool Growers’ Assn. Symposium, Amherst, MA, 1994. Invited presentation entitled: “Alternative marketing of lamb and lamb products.”

Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, 1994. Invited presentation entitled: “Shedding light on the dark-cutting condition.”

Vermont Beef Cattlemen’s Conference, Randolph Center, VA, 1994. Invited presentation entitled: “Beef quality and cattle marketing. The ‘buzz’ words and you.”

Northeast Angora Goat Breeders Assn., Hadley, MA, 1994. Invited presentation entitled: “Handling and housing of Angora goats in New England.”

Colorado State University, Department of Animal Science, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, 1993. Invited presentation entitled: “Emotional and physical stressors affecting lamb muscle quality.”

New England Polled Hereford Assn. Field Day, Hartford, CT, 1993. Invited presentation entitled: “Defining beef quality.”

New England Sheep & Wool Growers’ Assn. Symposium, Springfield, MA, 1993. Invited presentation entitled: “Lamb meat production and its future.”

Muscle to Meat: Physiology of Unperfused Muscle Miniworkshop, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 1992. Invited presentation entitled: “Emotional and physical stressors affecting lamb muscle quality.” Also conduct a demonstration laboratory for participants.

State

Morrilton Career Fair at University of Arkansas Community College at Morrilton, 2005

University of Arkansas Monticello Beef Cattle Field Day, Monticello, AR, 2004

Sheep and Goat Day, Booneville, AR, 2003

Paradise Farm Field Day, Snow, AR, 2003

Marion Country 4-H Steer Feed-Out, Fayetteville, AR, 2003

Beef Carcass Fabrication Demonstration, Clarksville Packing Company, Clarksville, AR, 2003

Cleburne County Cattlemen’s Assn. Mtg., Drasco, AR, 2002

Arkansas Beef Council, Little Rock, AR, 2002

University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension In-Service Training, Fayetteville, AR, 2002

Tyson Food, Inc., Corporate “Beef 101” Seminar, Springdale, AR, 2002

Mena High School FFA Banquet Keynote Speaker, Mena, AR, 2001

Polk County Forage/Beef Short Course, Mena, AR, 2000

Arkansas Beefmaster Breeders Association Field Day at Hickory Ridge Farms, 2000

University of Arkansas Sheep Breeding Soundness Examination Clinic, Fayetteville, AR, 1999

Arkansas Cattlemen’s Association Mid-Year Meeting, Fayetteville, AR, 1999

University of Arkansas Livestock & Meats Judging Camp, Fayetteville, AR, 1999

Tyson Food Research and Development Retreat, Russellville, AR, April, 1998

University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension In-Service Training, Fayetteville, AR, 1998

Crawford County Cattlemen’s Assoc. Meeting, Van Buren, AR, 1998

Arkansas Beefmaster Breeders Assoc. New Member Seminar, Fayetteville, AR, 1998

Northwest Arkansas Cattlemen’s Assoc. Meeting, Siloam Springs, AR, 1998

Arkansas Cattlemen’s Association Mid-Year Meeting, Hope, 1997.

North Arkansas “Super Cow” Beef Clinic, Berryville, AR, 1997

Washington County Beef Cattle Short Course, Fayetteville, AR, 1997

Washington County 4-H Leaders Banquet Keynote Speaker, Fayetteville, AR, 1997

Arkansas Cattlemen’s College, Arkansas Cattlemen’s Assoc. Convention, Pine Bluff, 1996.

Sebastian County Cattlemen’s Assoc. Meeting, Greenwood, AR, 1996

Ozark Cattlemen’s Assoc. Meeting, Fayetteville, AR, 1996

Arkansas Cattlemen’s Association Mid-Year Meeting, Fayetteville, 1996

Arkansas Cattlemen’s College, Arkansas Cattlemen’s Assoc. Convention, Pine Bluff, 1995

Massachusetts 4-H Beef Cattle Association, Concord, 1994.

Massachusetts 4-H Beef Cattle Association, Southwick, 1994.

4-H Discovery Days, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 1992.

Cattlemen’s Day, Kansas State University, Manhattan, 1990.

Kansas State University Cooperative Extension Service Annual Conference, Manhattan, 1989.

University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Year

Course

Course Title

Students

Core median¹

2012

ANSC 1051

ANSC 5853

Introductory Livestock & Meats Evaluation

Advanced Meat Technology

8

4.81

2011

ANSC 1051

ANSC 4272

ANSC 2252L

Introduction to the Livestock Industry

Sheep Production

Introductory Livestock & Meats Evaluation

142

34

60

4.70

4.6

4.7

2010

ANSC 5853

Advanced Meat Technology

9

N/A

2009

ANSC 1051

ANSC 4272

Introduction to the Livestock Industry

Sheep Production

98

39

4.6

4.7

2008

ANSC 1051

ANSC 5853

Introduction to the Livestock Industry

Advanced Meat Technology

55

8

N/A

N/A

2007

ANSC 1051

Introduction to the Livestock Industry

57

4.6

ANSC 4272

Sheep Production

37

4.6

ANSC 5853

Advanced Meat Technology

5

N/A

2006

ANSC 2252L

Introductory Livestock & Meats Evaluation

42

N/A

ANSC 1051

Introduction to the Livestock Industry

72

4.4

2005

ANSC 4272

Sheep Production

33

4.2

ANSC 2252L

Introductory Livestock & Meats Evaluation

32

4.7

ANSC 1051

Introduction to the Livestock Industry

40

4.8

2004

ANSC 5853

Advanced Meat Technology

8

N/A

ANSC 2252L

Intro. Livestock & Meats Evaluation

38

4.6

ANSC 1051

Introduction to the Livestock Industry

36

4.8

2003

ANSC 2252L

Livestock & Meats Evaluation

41

4.9

ANSC 4272

Sheep Production

27

4.7

ANSC 1051

Introduction to the Livestock Industry

28

4.5

2002

ANSC 2252L

Introductory Livestock & Meats Evaluation

29

4.4

ANSC 4272

Sheep Production

30

4.6

2001

ANSC 2252L

Introductory Livestock & Meats Evaluation

44

4.5

ANSC 2252L

Introductory Livestock & Meats Evaluation

43

4.4

2000

ANSC 5853

Advanced Meat Technology

7

4.9

1999

ANSC 2252L

Introductory Livestock & Meats Evaluation

46

4.4

ANSC 410

Special Topic: Meat Selection & Grading

5

N/A

1998

ANSC 3614

Commodity Science of Meats

7

4.6

ANSC 3610L

Commodity Science of Meats Laboratory

7

—

ANSC 2252L

Introductory Livestock & Meats Evaluation

15

4.7

ANSC 400V

Special Problems: Senior Meat Judging Team

6

N/A

1997

ANSC 410

Special Topic: Meat Selection & Grading

11

N/A

ANSC 3691

Meats Judging

8

—

ANSC 410

Special Topic: Meat Selection & Grading

11

N/A

1996

ANSC 3614

Commodity Science of Meats

21

N/A

ANSC 3610L

Commodity Science of Meats Laboratory

21

—

1995

ANSC 3614

Commodity Science of Meats

18

4.8

ANSC 3610L

Commodity Science of Meats Laboratory

18

—

University of Massachusetts, Amherst

Course Title

Students

Core median²

Year

VTSC 3103

Animal Science Laboratory Practicum

32

N/A

1995

VTSC 2243

Animal Management II

64

**

VTSC 1101

Introductory Animal Science

112

**

1994

VTSC 2242

Animal Management I

70

**

VTSC 3103

Animal Science Laboratory Practicum

26

N/A

VTSC 2243

Animal Management II

66

**

VTSC 2242

Animal Management I

74

**

1993

VTSC 2242

Animal Management I

74

**

Major or Co-major Professor

Degree

Completion date

Ph.D. (Animal Science)

May, 2008

Jesse R. Davis

M. S. (Animal Science)

M.S. (Animal Science)

May, 2013

May, 2001

M.S. (Animal Science)

May, 2004

M.S. (Animal Science)

August, 2005

M.S. (Animal Science)

—

M.S. (Animal Science)

May, 2008

James Machete

Ryan Stackhouse

Cari Ann Keys

Nicole Browne

Darren Toczko

Jeron D. Freiburger

M.S. (Animal Science)

M.S. (Animal Science)

M.S. (Animal Science)

M.S. (Animal Science)

M.S. (Animal Science)

M.S. Food Safety

M.S. Food Safety

May, 2009

August, 2009

Expected, December, 2011

December, 2010

August, 2011

May, 2011

Expected May, 2012

Thesis/Dissertation Committees

Ph.D. (Animal Science)

December 2002

Ph.D. (Animal Science)

March, 2004

Ph.D. (Poultry Science)

May, 2004

Ph.D. (Poultry Science)

Expected May, 2012

M.S. (Animal Science)

December, 2000

M.S. (Animal Science)

August, 2002

M.S. (Animal Science)

June, 2004

M.S. (Animal Science)

December, 2004

M.S. (Biol. Engineering)

June, 2005

Scott Walnoffer

M.S. (Food Science)

M.S. (Food Science)

May, 2006

May, 2008

Bill D. Potter

Jessica Robinette

Valerie Brewer

Jamie (Martin) Hawley

M.S. (Animal Science)

M.S. (Poultry Science)

M.S. (Animal Science)

M. S. (Poultry Science)

M. S. (Animal Science)

December, 2007

December, 2010

Expected December, 2012

May, 2011

May, 2011

2011-2012

2009

2008

2008

2004

University of Arkansas Gamma Sigma Delta Research Outstanding Research Award

American Society of Animal Science Meat Research Award (Indianapolis, IN)

Northwest Arkansas Cattlemen’s Association Man of the Year (Bentonville, AR)

National Pork Board Innovation in Swine Research Award (American Society of Animal Science, Southern Section Meetings, Tulsa, OK)

2003 to present

2002

2002

2002

2001 & 2002

2001 to 2002

1998 to present

1997 & 1998

1997

1996

1996

1996 to 2005

1996 to 2005

1996 to 1998

1995 to present

1993 to 1995

1990

1989

1988

1987

1987 to present

2011 to 2012

2010 to 2011

2009

2007 to 2009

2009 to 2011

2008 to 2011

2005 to 2007

Reciprocation Magazine editor

RMC Host Committee (Chairman)

Senior Advisor, AMSA Student Board of Directors

Undergraduate Scholastic Achievement Award

(Chairman, 2011)

Nominations Committee

Board of Directors

2004 to 2006

2002 to 2005

2003

2000 to 2003

1999 to 2002

1996 to 1998

1995 to 1996

1995 to 1996

1990 to 1997

• Biochemistry (1996 to 1997)
• Muscle Growth Biology (1995 to 1996)
• Genetic Selection for Lean Meat (1992 to 1993)

1987 to present

2011 to 2014

2008 to 2010

2003 to 2005

Meats Research Award Committee

Animal Products Division Editor, Journal of Animal Science

2002

2001 to 2003

1999 to 2001

2003 to 2006

• 2006 Meat Science and Muscle Biology Session Chairman (Orlando, FL)
• 2006 Pre-Harvest Food Safety Seminar Chairman (Orlando, FL)
• 2005 Meat Science and Muscle Biology Session Chairman (Little Rock, AR)
• 2004 Meat Science and Muscle Biology Session Chairman (Tulsa, OK)

2002 to 2006

2004 to 2006

1987 to present

2009

2008

2008

2004

Lamb Carcasses Official, Southeastern Contest (Lexington, KY)

Pork Cuts Official, American Royal Contest (Omaha, NE)

Beef Carcasses Official, Eastern National Contest (Wyalusing, PA)

2003

2002

2002

2001

2000

1999 to 2001

1999

1999

1998

1997

1996

1995

1992

1987 to present

2011

2010

2009

Vice-President, University of Arkansas Chapter

Treasurer, University of Arkansas Chapter

2006

2002

1987

2010

1987

2011 to 2013

2000 to 2015

2007 to 2009

University of Arkansas Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC)

University of Arkansas General Education Core Curriculum Committee (Chairman, 2008)

2000 to 2001

1998

1998

Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas

2005 to present

2004 to 2005

2003 to 2004

2002 to 2004

2002

2001 to 2003

2001 to present

1999 to 2004

1997

1996 to present

• Co-chairman (2001 to 2002)

1996 to present

1996

1996

1996 to present

• Chairman (1995 to 2000)

1995 to 2000

1995 to 2000

1995 to 1997

1995 to present

Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts

1993 to 1995

1993 to 1995